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Photosynthesis   Photosynthesis definition states that the process exclusively takes place in the chloroplasts through photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotene and xanthophyll. All green plants and a few other autotrophic organisms utilize photosynthesis to synthesize nutrients by using carbon dioxide, water and sunlight. The by-product of the photosynthesis process is oxygen. Photosynthesis also applies to other organisms besides green plants. These include several prokaryotes such as cyanobacteria, purple bacteria and green sulfur bacteria. These organisms exhibit photosynthesis just like green plants. The glucose produced during photosynthesis is then used to fuel various cellular activities. The by-product of this physio-chemical process is oxygen. A visual representation of the photosynthesis reaction Photosynthesis is also used by algae to convert solar energy into chemical energy. Oxygen is liberated as a by-product and lig...

Plant tissue culture What is Plant tissue culture? Plant tissue culture is  a collection of techniques used to maintain or grow plant cells, tissues or organs under sterile conditions on a nutrient culture medium of known composition. Basics of Plant tissue culture Ø   Totipotency Ø   Morphogenic potential Totipotency : ·          It is the ability of single cell to divide and re-divide and produce all of the differentiated cells in an organism. ·          Totipotency is the genetic potential of a plant cell to produce the entire plant. ·          Totipotency is the cell characteristic in which the potential for forming all the cell types in the adult organism is retained. ·          The cells are obtained from stem, root or other plant parts and are allowed to grow in culture medium containing...